1 00:00:03,541 --> 00:00:06,630 I'm going to talk about a very difficult subject. 2 00:00:06,770 --> 00:00:08,909 It's called "free will". 3 00:00:09,072 --> 00:00:12,597 Most people believe that they have free will. 4 00:00:12,737 --> 00:00:16,551 Strange thing about it... In the mechanical world 5 00:00:16,908 --> 00:00:20,256 when they say the machine turned off 6 00:00:20,690 --> 00:00:24,347 machines don't turn off. Either there's a short 7 00:00:24,491 --> 00:00:26,790 or something wrong with the circuit. 8 00:00:27,004 --> 00:00:30,228 Even automobile mechanics look for 9 00:00:30,441 --> 00:00:34,036 the factors that change the behavior of the automobile. 10 00:00:34,550 --> 00:00:38,612 Either the tires are not equally inflated 11 00:00:38,768 --> 00:00:42,726 they look for that, if your car veers to the right or left. 12 00:00:42,877 --> 00:00:46,435 Sometimes the tire pressure isn't even in your car. 13 00:00:46,561 --> 00:00:49,277 Sometimes a lawn mower doesn't cut the grass: 14 00:00:49,402 --> 00:00:51,583 The blades aren't sharp enough 15 00:00:51,708 --> 00:00:55,701 or the RPM isn't great enough, the rotational speed. 16 00:00:55,832 --> 00:00:58,934 So they always look for events 17 00:00:59,066 --> 00:01:03,912 that are responsible for the behavior of all mechanical systems. 18 00:01:04,088 --> 00:01:08,710 In fact, if you made a blade of a fan and had no pitch 19 00:01:08,872 --> 00:01:11,317 it would turn, but it wouldn't blow wind. 20 00:01:11,449 --> 00:01:14,683 So it's the pitch that blows the wind. 21 00:01:15,083 --> 00:01:20,247 And of course, the pitch moves the air rather than blows the wind. 22 00:01:20,783 --> 00:01:25,136 So, we all look for... Even a wind turbine 23 00:01:25,274 --> 00:01:30,307 is turned by the pitch, but wind has to act on it to do that. 24 00:01:30,936 --> 00:01:34,834 Now, moisture rises off the earth. 25 00:01:34,971 --> 00:01:40,450 We say the moisture is rising. Actually, the sun evaporates it. 26 00:01:40,794 --> 00:01:44,660 The sun lifts these little drops by heating them 27 00:01:44,839 --> 00:01:49,539 and they move up and back rapidly and they rise. 28 00:01:49,679 --> 00:01:52,318 Actually, they're caused to rise 29 00:01:52,449 --> 00:01:55,419 by the sun acting on the drops of water. 30 00:01:55,906 --> 00:01:59,700 We equate everything in nature. We never see... 31 00:01:59,837 --> 00:02:03,045 Well some of us do. We say "The tree fell over." 32 00:02:03,176 --> 00:02:07,564 The tree doesn't fall over, unless it happens that branches 33 00:02:07,701 --> 00:02:11,912 grow and change the center of gravity of the tree 34 00:02:12,055 --> 00:02:15,336 so it can no longer... The roots 35 00:02:15,505 --> 00:02:19,539 do not grasp enough surface to keep the tree upright. 36 00:02:19,676 --> 00:02:23,220 So the wind acting on the tree 37 00:02:23,346 --> 00:02:25,732 makes it fall to the ground. 38 00:02:25,882 --> 00:02:28,534 It isn't just the wind; it's gravity 39 00:02:28,659 --> 00:02:33,490 and asymmetry of balance which causes that. 40 00:02:34,093 --> 00:02:37,121 But human beings feel that 41 00:02:37,265 --> 00:02:42,230 they themselves have free will. They make choices. 42 00:02:42,574 --> 00:02:48,157 Free will means that all choices are made without cause. 43 00:02:48,889 --> 00:02:54,113 If something is caused by something else, it's not free will. 44 00:02:54,613 --> 00:02:57,931 In other words, hunger, when you get hungry 45 00:02:58,062 --> 00:03:01,379 the organism has used up a lot of energy 46 00:03:01,514 --> 00:03:04,044 and so you have different feelings. 47 00:03:04,188 --> 00:03:08,212 You have thirst. You have hunger. It's thirst 48 00:03:08,545 --> 00:03:11,386 that tends to make you want a glass of water. 49 00:03:11,660 --> 00:03:16,282 If you never had a feeling of thirst, you'd dry up; you would die. 50 00:03:16,589 --> 00:03:18,524 If you didn't have a sensor. 51 00:03:18,654 --> 00:03:22,490 If a fly landed on you, if you didn't feel the itch 52 00:03:22,690 --> 00:03:26,088 it would sting you continuously; so would a bee. 53 00:03:26,584 --> 00:03:28,897 But the fact that you have sensory things 54 00:03:29,029 --> 00:03:32,745 meaning responding mechanisms 55 00:03:32,895 --> 00:03:35,016 you'll whack the fly. 56 00:03:35,141 --> 00:03:37,735 So if all things in nature 57 00:03:38,561 --> 00:03:41,699 are subject to natural force 58 00:03:42,062 --> 00:03:45,409 including the orbit of the moon around the earth 59 00:03:45,559 --> 00:03:50,058 there's a gravitational field that keeps the moon within the orbit. 60 00:03:50,233 --> 00:03:52,139 The same [happens] with the earth. 61 00:03:52,464 --> 00:03:55,020 The same [happens] with the earth rotation 62 00:03:55,158 --> 00:03:57,818 [which] is done by physical force. 63 00:03:57,962 --> 00:04:01,069 [There is] something in nature that does that. 64 00:04:01,344 --> 00:04:05,241 A magnet really does not attract other material 65 00:04:05,391 --> 00:04:09,101 but there's some mechanism in the magnet 66 00:04:09,389 --> 00:04:11,980 that acts in a certain way. 67 00:04:12,355 --> 00:04:15,344 In other words, they found out years ago 68 00:04:15,607 --> 00:04:18,384 that if you suspend a ball with a string 69 00:04:18,646 --> 00:04:22,387 near a precipice, it moves toward the precipice. 70 00:04:23,232 --> 00:04:27,261 Mass seems to attract mass, certain kinds of mass. 71 00:04:27,511 --> 00:04:30,309 So if you suspend a ball near a cliff 72 00:04:30,466 --> 00:04:33,358 it moves a little bit toward the cliff. 73 00:04:33,707 --> 00:04:36,410 Now, what that mechanism is 74 00:04:36,542 --> 00:04:40,602 I can go into theories about that, but I don't want to do that now 75 00:04:40,821 --> 00:04:43,909 because it won't serve any useful purpose. 76 00:04:44,540 --> 00:04:46,854 If an airplane is about to take off 77 00:04:47,029 --> 00:04:51,004 and there's a sudden gust of wind, it'll take off faster. 78 00:04:51,435 --> 00:04:54,875 If it's about to come in for a landing and the wind moves 79 00:04:55,032 --> 00:04:58,112 at the speed the airplane is going, it'll drop to the ground: 80 00:04:58,243 --> 00:05:01,768 It needs wind coming at it to sustain it. 81 00:05:02,691 --> 00:05:06,871 Also, man does not see with his eyes. 82 00:05:07,021 --> 00:05:08,929 He needs light. 83 00:05:09,048 --> 00:05:11,726 If a man says "Well, at least I can see." 84 00:05:11,857 --> 00:05:15,658 If you bring him into a dark closet and tell him to see 85 00:05:15,789 --> 00:05:18,655 he cannot, unless there's light. 86 00:05:18,793 --> 00:05:22,956 So he does not see with his eyes. He sees with a combination 87 00:05:23,093 --> 00:05:26,714 of the retina, the brain, the eyes, and light 88 00:05:26,858 --> 00:05:30,479 and many other factors which I needn't go into. 89 00:05:30,673 --> 00:05:34,013 If all things are acted upon by nature 90 00:05:34,169 --> 00:05:38,125 if a moth has a tendency to fly into light 91 00:05:38,413 --> 00:05:42,116 and the moth has what we call an antenna. 92 00:05:42,297 --> 00:05:44,459 It's a heat sensor 93 00:05:44,590 --> 00:05:49,371 and when he gets near the flame, the heat sensor lets him know 94 00:05:49,640 --> 00:05:52,149 gives him a reaction away from the flame. 95 00:05:52,287 --> 00:05:56,676 So a moth without an antenna would fly into fire. 96 00:05:57,157 --> 00:06:00,453 It's the antenna that caused him to back off. 97 00:06:00,790 --> 00:06:03,465 If you put sensors on a machine 98 00:06:03,627 --> 00:06:07,857 meaning if they can sense the environment, they can react to it. 99 00:06:08,113 --> 00:06:11,886 Without sensors, a blind man needs a cane 100 00:06:12,030 --> 00:06:14,126 to see if there's objects in front of him 101 00:06:14,257 --> 00:06:17,257 because he doesn't have visual sensors. 102 00:06:17,538 --> 00:06:20,141 They say he tripped over the object. 103 00:06:20,263 --> 00:06:23,861 No, he had no sensors to tell him there was an object 104 00:06:23,992 --> 00:06:27,174 on the floor that he could not sense. 105 00:06:27,316 --> 00:06:31,011 So if a doctor knows that you have damaged sensors 106 00:06:31,153 --> 00:06:34,650 they recommend eyeglasses or eye surgery 107 00:06:34,800 --> 00:06:39,173 or retinal damage replacement or hearing aids. 108 00:06:39,417 --> 00:06:42,486 If you lose your hearing, you can't hear a Mack truck 109 00:06:42,605 --> 00:06:45,813 coming down the street. You'd have to step in front. 110 00:06:45,938 --> 00:06:49,250 If you can hear, at least you've got another sensor 111 00:06:49,387 --> 00:06:51,683 that tells you there's a vehicle coming. 112 00:06:51,815 --> 00:06:56,682 So people that are deaf, have a higher chance of being hit by a car 113 00:06:56,926 --> 00:07:00,268 not because they're deaf, but because they can't sense the car 114 00:07:00,399 --> 00:07:02,601 coming down the street. 115 00:07:02,733 --> 00:07:07,502 So, when we talk, they used to in the old days say we have six senses 116 00:07:07,652 --> 00:07:09,476 like we had six. 117 00:07:09,595 --> 00:07:13,223 We have an internal sense of how full you are. 118 00:07:13,374 --> 00:07:17,256 You have a pain sense of the depth of your body. 119 00:07:17,400 --> 00:07:20,958 You have an itch sense; you have a burn sense. 120 00:07:21,102 --> 00:07:24,093 You have many different senses, not six. 121 00:07:24,224 --> 00:07:29,028 You can say, we have six senses that I'm aware of 122 00:07:29,190 --> 00:07:32,388 but you can't say we have six senses. 123 00:07:32,613 --> 00:07:36,607 You have a sense of fullness, sometimes, a sense of fatigue 124 00:07:36,763 --> 00:07:39,355 which they don't talk about. 125 00:07:39,545 --> 00:07:41,954 So, don't try to [assess] numerically... 126 00:07:42,086 --> 00:07:45,875 unless you do a study of everything you react to 127 00:07:46,006 --> 00:07:49,410 and you say this a list of everything 128 00:07:49,541 --> 00:07:53,254 that I find, that man can react to. 129 00:07:53,471 --> 00:07:56,224 Some people, some, very few 130 00:07:56,474 --> 00:07:59,159 can sense magnetic fields. 131 00:07:59,303 --> 00:08:03,366 Some birds can't, if you put a magnet 132 00:08:03,551 --> 00:08:07,558 connect a magnet to their head, they lose sense of direction. 133 00:08:07,896 --> 00:08:09,867 The same with fish 134 00:08:09,992 --> 00:08:13,087 so fish have senses we don't have. 135 00:08:13,212 --> 00:08:16,000 I'm not talking about good, bad, right or wrong. 136 00:08:16,150 --> 00:08:19,616 I'm just talking about what you react with! 137 00:08:19,798 --> 00:08:23,511 So if a light gets continuously brighter and brighter 138 00:08:23,649 --> 00:08:25,629 your eyelids will come down. 139 00:08:25,748 --> 00:08:28,813 And if it gets so bright, you'll put your hand in front 140 00:08:28,994 --> 00:08:30,721 to diminish the light. 141 00:08:30,847 --> 00:08:33,364 They say "I put my hand there to diminish the light." 142 00:08:33,489 --> 00:08:37,794 Even if they couldn't speak, they'd do that. Do you know what I mean ? 143 00:08:37,938 --> 00:08:40,027 You don't have to be able to speak. 144 00:08:40,146 --> 00:08:44,130 So people think that they choose things. 145 00:08:44,293 --> 00:08:49,615 The proofs that they don't choose things are many, but I'll give some. 146 00:08:50,091 --> 00:08:52,822 If you're brought up in a tribe 147 00:08:52,960 --> 00:08:57,079 that looks very different than we do, you fall in love 148 00:08:57,235 --> 00:08:59,861 with that configuration. 149 00:09:00,004 --> 00:09:02,687 That's why when I say there's no such thing as beauty 150 00:09:02,803 --> 00:09:04,814 it's a condition thing. 151 00:09:04,952 --> 00:09:09,054 You're conditioned to like girls that are blond or redhead 152 00:09:09,189 --> 00:09:13,021 depending on the movies, books or people you've known. 153 00:09:13,202 --> 00:09:17,298 So, we don't always know what it is 154 00:09:17,448 --> 00:09:21,077 that makes us appear to choose. 155 00:09:21,246 --> 00:09:26,376 But if you met a person with yellow spots on their face 156 00:09:26,508 --> 00:09:29,846 and they always beat you up, every time you met a person 157 00:09:29,977 --> 00:09:32,863 with yellow spots, then the next time you saw a person 158 00:09:32,988 --> 00:09:36,140 with yellow spots you'd cross the street 159 00:09:36,280 --> 00:09:39,013 and they say "I'm avoiding the person with the yellow spots." 160 00:09:39,138 --> 00:09:42,454 No, that's called the conditioned reflex. 161 00:09:42,629 --> 00:09:45,479 You're conditioned to react to yellow spots. 162 00:09:45,616 --> 00:09:49,796 It doesn't mean that everybody with yellow spots will beat you up. 163 00:09:50,250 --> 00:09:56,244 We project, and maybe some of that projection is useful for survival. 164 00:09:56,854 --> 00:10:01,000 So if you eat a certain type of grass and you get a belly ache 165 00:10:01,139 --> 00:10:03,657 the next time you see that pattern 166 00:10:03,789 --> 00:10:06,861 you'll tell somebody else "Don't eat that" 167 00:10:07,005 --> 00:10:10,693 because all your decision-making is based upon experience. 168 00:10:10,843 --> 00:10:15,267 So if you touch a lot of poison oak, you get blisters on your hand 169 00:10:15,411 --> 00:10:17,732 and you don't know what it is that you touched 170 00:10:17,858 --> 00:10:20,744 you'd better make a record in the future of touching things 171 00:10:20,869 --> 00:10:24,361 and then looking in your hand, and then later when you get a reaction... 172 00:10:24,498 --> 00:10:29,311 Your decision-making system is affected by the rash you get. 173 00:10:29,768 --> 00:10:35,392 If you meet a redhead and she's very temperamental 174 00:10:35,733 --> 00:10:38,779 and you meet a second redhead and she's very temperamental 175 00:10:38,911 --> 00:10:41,495 you might tell your friends "Stay away from redheads!" 176 00:10:41,689 --> 00:10:46,913 They're temperamental." No, that's your reaction to particular redheads. 177 00:10:47,150 --> 00:10:50,516 If you meet a gay person, and they reach for you 178 00:10:50,654 --> 00:10:53,282 you push their hand and say "What is the matter with that person?" 179 00:10:53,422 --> 00:10:56,988 They've been conditioned differently than you have. 180 00:10:57,351 --> 00:11:00,017 It isn't that they're bad; nobody is bad. 181 00:11:00,142 --> 00:11:04,267 That's why society does not believe in free will. 182 00:11:04,436 --> 00:11:08,408 They say "Don't steal." When the kid steals you slap his hand 183 00:11:08,548 --> 00:11:12,839 if you catch him stealing. If you don't catch him, he can get away with it. 184 00:11:12,965 --> 00:11:16,759 So you tell kids... You give them a sense of morality 185 00:11:16,890 --> 00:11:21,126 a sense of behavior by spanking or pulling a dog. 186 00:11:21,263 --> 00:11:26,425 All dogs will try to do whatever they want to do 187 00:11:26,575 --> 00:11:28,417 so you connect a leash to him. 188 00:11:28,534 --> 00:11:31,702 When he tries to do his own thing you pull him away. 189 00:11:31,833 --> 00:11:35,399 So he always has to obey you. 190 00:11:35,549 --> 00:11:38,610 But if you let a dog alone, he'll take over. 191 00:11:38,754 --> 00:11:42,614 A dog will always try to get you to do things 192 00:11:42,745 --> 00:11:46,462 to satisfy it, unless you dominate the dog. 193 00:11:46,599 --> 00:11:50,506 The same with people. If a guy says to a small guy: 194 00:11:50,675 --> 00:11:54,765 "Go get me a glass of water," and the small guy doesn't, and he slaps him 195 00:11:54,940 --> 00:11:58,720 the next time he says "Get me a glass of water", the small guy will. 196 00:11:58,870 --> 00:12:03,099 But if he's a big guy, he picks him up and throws him across the room. 197 00:12:03,224 --> 00:12:06,075 He then says "I will get my own glass of water." 198 00:12:06,207 --> 00:12:08,772 That's based on conditioning. 199 00:12:09,141 --> 00:12:13,662 Free will is an arrogance on the part of man: 200 00:12:13,801 --> 00:12:17,875 the assumption that he is the only object in the world 201 00:12:18,006 --> 00:12:21,394 that does not react to certain stimuli. 202 00:12:21,545 --> 00:12:26,139 All decisions are based upon whatever reaction you had. 203 00:12:26,289 --> 00:12:29,415 If you like a young lady, you get married. 204 00:12:29,609 --> 00:12:32,293 In the old days you just moved in together 205 00:12:32,418 --> 00:12:35,300 but it was to difficult to manage. 206 00:12:35,788 --> 00:12:40,032 That is, a ruling group of people could not manage people 207 00:12:40,163 --> 00:12:42,423 unless they made a set of laws 208 00:12:42,553 --> 00:12:45,082 and said "You don't take anything out of his hut. 209 00:12:45,208 --> 00:12:47,316 You don't take anything out of her hut." 210 00:12:47,441 --> 00:12:50,405 They had to invent some kind of structure 211 00:12:50,536 --> 00:12:53,536 to keep that society working. 212 00:12:54,087 --> 00:12:57,297 In other words, if everybody took things from your log cabin 213 00:12:57,422 --> 00:13:01,433 and you went hunting and you got 5 rabbits and I stole 4 of them 214 00:13:01,564 --> 00:13:03,422 the tribe wouldn't work. 215 00:13:03,554 --> 00:13:06,341 So morality is an outgrowth 216 00:13:06,466 --> 00:13:10,797 of the inability to manage systems. Do you understand that? 217 00:13:11,110 --> 00:13:13,551 All moral laws come about 218 00:13:13,695 --> 00:13:15,590 because we need to have... 219 00:13:15,728 --> 00:13:19,308 especially if you get more than four people living together 220 00:13:19,440 --> 00:13:21,392 you have to make laws. 221 00:13:21,517 --> 00:13:25,975 The laws like "Don't take his bow and arrow. He made that bow and arrow." 222 00:13:26,112 --> 00:13:30,520 You give them all kinds of words "It is wrong, this is..." 223 00:13:30,651 --> 00:13:34,310 But if a guy doesn't have bow and arrow or a javelin 224 00:13:34,441 --> 00:13:38,376 and a lion comes at him, and your javelin is nearby 225 00:13:38,514 --> 00:13:40,684 he will borrow it. 226 00:13:40,796 --> 00:13:44,979 He doesn't steal it. He borrows it and he throws it at the lion 227 00:13:45,118 --> 00:13:48,904 because that's the only thing he knows that'll keep the lion off. 228 00:13:49,048 --> 00:13:52,293 He says "I decided to take your javelin 229 00:13:52,424 --> 00:13:54,400 although I know it's yours 230 00:13:54,531 --> 00:13:57,434 but there was nothing else I could do at the time." 231 00:13:57,591 --> 00:14:00,267 So the judge might be lenient. 232 00:14:00,392 --> 00:14:05,054 A lenient judge is a broad judge with broader experience. 233 00:14:05,310 --> 00:14:09,060 A judge is brought up to believe in right, wrong, good, bad 234 00:14:09,198 --> 00:14:12,914 black and white. His decisions are rigid as hell. 235 00:14:13,064 --> 00:14:16,959 But if you go to another country that has a different set of values 236 00:14:17,094 --> 00:14:19,393 and he learns to live there 237 00:14:19,531 --> 00:14:22,358 he can understand when you say: 238 00:14:22,495 --> 00:14:27,252 "Different cultures impose different values on people." 239 00:14:27,596 --> 00:14:32,552 They don't care if you were to take one grape 240 00:14:32,687 --> 00:14:36,056 from your grape collection, if you had a lot of grapes on the table. 241 00:14:36,224 --> 00:14:38,448 But if you only have one grape 242 00:14:38,583 --> 00:14:40,669 the law becomes severe. 243 00:14:40,794 --> 00:14:44,518 In scarcity there are more laws. Can you understand that? 244 00:14:44,700 --> 00:14:48,284 The scarcer the object: the more laws. 245 00:14:48,421 --> 00:14:51,469 Now if a man is incapacitated 246 00:14:51,601 --> 00:14:53,532 he has scarcity. 247 00:14:53,651 --> 00:14:57,035 So he looks at you, who can walk up and down and jump. 248 00:14:57,185 --> 00:14:59,497 He envies you 249 00:14:59,628 --> 00:15:03,035 because you have a wider range of behavior. 250 00:15:03,185 --> 00:15:07,156 But if he can be given a shot in the same range of behavior 251 00:15:07,293 --> 00:15:09,440 he no longer envies you. 252 00:15:09,570 --> 00:15:12,871 So envy is a by-product of behavior 253 00:15:13,046 --> 00:15:16,174 sometimes, that you cannot perform.